Abstract： Objective: To study the clinical effect of autologous neurosensory retinal transplants in the treatment of recurrent macular hole retinal detachment (MHRD) in highly myopic eyes. Methods: This was a prospective clinical study. An open qualitative response one-way sequential test method was used. Seven patients (7 eyes) with recurrent macular hole retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes were admitted to Aier Eye Hospital of Wuhan University, and underwent autologous neurosensory retinal transplantation combined with silicone oil tamponade. The follow-up period was at least 3 months after silicone oil removal. The main outcomes included retinal anatomical reattachment rate, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and postoperative complications. A sequential test diagram was plotted based on the test results. The pre-BCVA and post-BCVA were compared using a paired t-test. Results: Anatomical reattachment succeeded in 6 cases and failed in 1 case. The test line for the 7th case reached the upper boundary U. The retinal anatomical reattachment rate was 86%. At the last follow-up, the mean BCVA (1.35±0.34) logMAR was significantly improved over the pre-BCVA (2.06±0.33) logMAR (t=5.977, P=0.001). There were no serious complications such as vitreous hemorrhage, endophthalmitis, proliferation or the hole reopening at the retinal resection site. Two patients experienced transient intraocular hypertension, and intraocular pressure returned to normal within one week after antihypertensive drug treatment. Conclusions: Autologous neurosensory retinal transplants can treat recurrent MHRD effectively in highly myopic eyes and can significantly improve BCVA.
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