Objective  To investigate the effects of wearing orthokeratology lenses on the magnitude of accommodative microfluctuations and accommodative lag. Methods  In this cross-sectional study， 15 myopic subjects who wore orthokeratology lenses regularly and 15 myopic subjects who wore spectacles regularly were enrolled. Accommodative response （AR） was measured with an open field infrared autorefractor （WAM-5500） using an accommodative stimulus （AS） of 0~4 D. The magnitude of accommodative microfluctuations， accommodative lag， and accommodative error index （AEI） were calculated. The data from the two groups were analyzed by using an independent sample t test. Results  With an AS of 0 D， 1 D， 2 D， 3 D and 4 D， the magnitudes of accommodative microfluctuations of the orthokeratology lens group were all larger than the spectacle group， and the differences were statistically significant （t=3.704， 3.277， 2.365， 2.179， 2.591， P<0.05）. The accommodative lags of the orthokeratology lens group were smaller than the spectacle group. There were statistically significant differences with an AS of 2 D， 3 D and 4 D （t=-2.208， -2.244， -2.098， P<0.05）， while there were no significant differences with an AS of 0 D and 1 D（t=-1.974， -1.758， P＞0.05）. The AEIs of the orthokeratology lens group were also smaller than the spectacle group， and the difference was statistically significant （t=-2.098， P<0.05）. Conclusion  Compared to spectacles， the magnitudes of accommodative microfluctuations were larger after myopes wore orthokeratology lenses， while the accommodative lags were smaller at high accommodative demands. This supports the claim that orthokeratology lenses can slow myopia progression.