|
|
|
| Association between Daily Tea Consumption and Retinal Vascular Caliber |
| Xueping Zhang1, Yin Hu2, Na Liu1, Keming Wang2, Mingguang He2 |
1Department of Ophthalmology, Guangzhou No.11 People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510000, China;
2The State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Objective:To assess the association between daily tea consumption and retinal vascular caliber in Chinese people. Methods:In this cross-sectional study, 4 430 subjects aged 40 years or older without a history of cardiovascular events were enrolled. Standard retinal photos and a validated computer-based program were used to measure retinal vascular caliber. A self-report questionnaire was administrated to obtain data regarding tea consumption and other socio-demographic information. Daily tea consumption was quantified into five dose categories (never, occasionally, <1 cup/day, 1-2 cups/day and >2 cups/day) and three common tea types (green, oolong and black/Pu'er tea, according to the degree of fermentation). Multivariate linear regression models were adopted to assess the cross-sectional association of tea consumption with retinal vascular caliber. Results:The age of the study participants was 58.8±9.9 years. Among them, 775 (17.49%) never consumed tea and, 645 (14.56%), 1 240 (27.99%) and 1 770 (39.95%) were accustomed to green, oolong and black/Pu'er tea, respectively. Retinal vascular calibers were not associated with doses of tea consumption after adjusting for lifestyle factors and other cardiovascular confounders, whether analyzed in all participants or in subpopulations accustomed to distinct tea types (all P>0.05). Conclusions:There is no significant association between daily tea consumption and retinal vascular caliber in a Chinese population.
|
|
Received: 13 November 2017
|
| Fund:Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province (2013B20400003); Fundamental Research Funds of the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology (3030901010058) |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Mingguang He, the State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China (Email: mingguang_he@yahoo.com)
|
|
|
|
| [1] |
Hollman PC, Geelen A, Kromhout D.Dietary flavonol intake may lower stroke risk in men and women. J Nutr, 2010, 140(3): 600-604. DOI: 10.3945/jn.109.116632.
|
| [2] |
Huxley RR, Neil HA.The relation between dietary flavonol intake and coronary heart disease mortality: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Clin Nutr, 2003, 57(8): 904-908. DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1601624.
|
| [3] |
Wang ZM, Zhou B, Wang YS, et al.Black and green tea consumption and the risk of coronary artery disease: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr, 2011, 93(3): 506-515. DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.110.005363.
|
| [4] |
Pang J, Zhang Z, Zheng TZ, et al.Green tea consumption and risk of cardiovascular and ischemic related diseases: A meta-analysis. Int J Cardiol, 2016, 202: 967-974. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.12.176.
|
| [5] |
Peters U, Poole C, Arab L.Does tea affect cardiovascular disease? A meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol, 2001, 154(6): 495-503.
|
| [6] |
Arab L, Liu W, Elashoff D.Green and black tea consumption and risk of stroke: a meta-analysis. Stroke, 2009, 40(5): 1786-1792. DOI: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.108.538470.
|
| [7] |
Woodward M, Tunstall-Pedoe H.Coffee and tea consumption in the Scottish Heart Health Study follow up: conflicting relations with coronary risk factors, coronary disease, and all cause mortality. J Epidemiol Community Health, 1999, 53(8): 481-487. DOI: 10.1136/jech.53.8.481.
|
| [8] |
Hertog MG, Sweetnam PM, Fehily AM, et al.Antioxidant flavonols and ischemic heart disease in a Welsh population of men: the Caerphilly Study. Am J Clin Nutr, 1997, 65(5): 1489-1494. DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/65.5.1489.
|
| [9] |
Sun C, Wang JJ, Mackey DA, et al.Retinal vascular caliber: systemic, environmental, and genetic associations. Surv Ophthalmol, 2009, 54(1): 74-95. DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal. 2008.10.003.
|
| [10] |
McGeechan K, Liew G, Macaskill P, et al. Prediction of incident stroke events based on retinal vessel caliber: a systematic review and individual-participant meta-analysis. Am J Epidemiol, 2009, 170(11): 1323-1332. DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwp306.
|
| [11] |
Hubbard LD, Brothers RJ, King WN, et al.Methods for evaluation of retinal microvascular abnormalities associated with hypertension/sclerosis in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. Ophthalmology, 1999, 106(12): 2269-2280.
|
| [12] |
Parr JC, Spears GF.General caliber of the retinal arteries expressed as the equivalent width of the central retinal artery. Am J Ophthalmol, 1974, 77(4): 472-477.
|
| [13] |
Parr JC, Spears GF.Mathematic relationships between the width of a retinal artery and the widths of its branches. Am J Ophthalmol, 1974, 77(4): 478-483.
|
| [14] |
McMullen MK, Whitehouse JM, Shine G, et al. Habitual coffee and tea drinkers experienced increases in blood pressure after consuming low to moderate doses of caffeine; these increases were larger upright than in the supine posture. Food Funct, 2011, 2(3-4): 197-203. DOI: 10.1039/c0fo00166j.
|
| [15] |
Bitar A, Mastouri R, Kreutz RP.Caffeine consumption and heart rate and blood pressure response to regadenoson. PLoS One, 2015, 10(6): e0130487. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0130487.
|
| [16] |
Flueck JL, Schaufelberger F, Lienert M, et al.Acute Effects of Caffeine on Heart Rate Variability, Blood Pressure and Tidal Volume in Paraplegic and Tetraplegic Compared to Able-Bodied Individuals: A Randomized, Blinded Trial. PLoS One, 2016, 11(10): e0165034. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165034.
|
| [17] |
Parati G, Ochoa JE, Bilo G.Blood pressure variability, cardiovascular risk, and risk for renal disease progression. Curr Hypertens Rep, 2012, 14(5): 421-431. DOI: 10.1007/s11906-012-0290-7.
|
| [18] |
Persson IA, Josefsson M, Persson K, et al.Tea flavanols inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and increase nitric oxide production in human endothelial cells. J Pharm Pharmacol, 2006, 58(8): 1139-1144. DOI: 10.1211/jpp.58.8.0016.
|
|
|
|
2018, Vol. 20 
