Binocular vision is the process of integrating visual information from the two eyes to form three-dimensional stereovision, which is the function of the advanced cognitive activities of the cerebral cortex. Strabismus produces visual diplopia and confusion because of the deviation of the ocular position. It leads to a series of binocular vision abnormalities including visual inhibition, abnormal retinal correspondence, and abnormal gaze, that seriously affect the formation and development of binocular vision function. Surgical treatment is the main option for correcting strabismus, but most patients cannot achieve normal binocular vision after surgery. The aim of treatment is not only to correct ocular position but also restore binocular vision. Restoration of binocular vision has a positive effect on reducing the recurrence rate of strabismus and improving the therapeutic effect of disease, even greatly improving quality of life for patients after surgery. Therefore, the restoration of binocular visual function should have a more important role in the treatment of strabismus and the early period after surgery is a prerequisite for establishing binocular vision function. At the same time, more attention should be paid to refractive correction and amblyopia treatment, methods should properly selected to promote the restoration of binocular vision.