Objective: To analyze the data of femtosecond laser small incision corneal stroma lens extractions  (SMILE) performed in Aiyan Ophthalmology Hospital, summarize the intraopearative and postoperative  complications and treatment. Methods: From January 2018 to November 2018, SMILE surgery was  performed on 515 cases (1015 eyes) of myopia or astigmatism in Aiyan Ophthalmology Hospital in  this retrospective series of case studies. A retrospective analysis of the occurrence of intraoperative and  postoperative complications was performed. Results: The overall incidence of complications was 7.88%,  of which 2 eyes (0.19%) were negatively affected by negative pressure, scans showed 3 eyes (0.29%) had  black areas, 12 eyes (1.18%) had an incision tear, in 7 eyes (0.68%) the corneal stroma lens was difficult to  find, 5 eyes (0.49%) had a residual lens, 32 eyes (3.10%) had an epithelial defect from the incision, 5 eyes  (0.49%) had bleeding in the incision area, 10 eyes (0.98%) had diffuse lamellar keratitis, 1 eye (0.09%) had  an intersegmental epithelial implantation, and 3 eyes (0.29%) had the remains of foreign matter under the  corneal cap. Vision was restored after appropriate treatment for complications to achieve the best corrected  visual acuity. Conclusion: SMILE surgery as a new type of corneal refractive surgery for the treatment  of myopic astigmatism has few complications. Effective prevention and treatment of intraoperative and postoperative complications is essential for surgical safety.