湖北省孝感市小学生视力调查及近视相关因素分析

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20190822-00233

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Abstract Objective: To study the prevalence and risk factors of myopia among primary students, and to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of myopia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 675 grade 1 primary school students were included in the study and were followed up from June 2017 to June 2019 in Xiaogan, Hubei Province. All students' visual acuities and best corrected visual acuities were measured. Students with an uncorrected visual acuity less than 5.0 were examined with a retinoscope after pupil dilation by cyclopentolate hydrochloride eye drops. General situation and eye behavior questionnaires were completed by the students and their parents. Data were analyzed by a rank sum test, chi square test and logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalences of myopia amongprimary school students were 14.1%, 25.6%, and 39.6% in years 1, 2 and 3, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=106.25, P<0.001). SEs among primary school students were 0.25(-0.25, 0.50)D, 0.00(-0.50, 0.25)D, and -0.50(-1.75, 0.00)D in years 1, 2 and 3, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=234.819, P<0.001). The incidence of myopia was 16.0% to 22.7% each year, and the annual incidence of myopia increased with age (χ2=14.233, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that premature birth (P=0.014), parental history of myopia (P=0.029), time spent doing outdoor activities (P<0.001), time spent on near-work after school (P=0.006), frequency of parental suggestions about eyesight protection (P=0.004) and exposure time to electronic products (P=0.013) were significantly associated with myopia. Conclusions: Primary school students' SEs decreased with age, while the prevalence of myopia increased with age. The risk factors for the prevalence of myopia include premature birth, parental history of myopia, time spent on near-work after school and exposure time to electronic products, while time spent on outdoor activities and frequency of parents' suggestions about eyesight protection act as protective factors.

Key words： vision prevalence of myopia primary students associated factors

Received: 22 August 2019

Fund: Hubei Committee of the Communist Youth League; Xiaogan Natural Science Program project (XGKJ2019010023)

Corresponding Authors: Yiqiao Xing, Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China (Email: xingyiqiaog@gmail.com)

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