Abstract The pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is still unclear.Researches show that the abnormal expansion of orbital adipose tissue is a leading cause of thyroidassociated ophthalmopathy,of which studies are made by both Chinese and overseas researchers and into which some new insights are gained.This article makes a comprehensive review of the progress of researches in terms of the source of orbital preadipocytes,the regulation of adipogenesis,and the expression and role of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) and thyroid stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) in the orbital adipose tissue of the TAO patients.
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