Objective To compare the consistency, stability and accuracy of corneál flaps created by either Moria OUP-SBK or Schwind C.P.microkeratome after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).Methods A total of 44 patients (88 eyes) in this prospective study who underwent LASIK were divided into two groups according to the microkeratome used in surgery: group SBK (with Moria OUP-SBK head 100 μm,48 eyes) and group CP (with Schwind C.P.head 110 μm,40 eyes).The flap thickness of each patient was measured at 7 points for each horizontal image (vertex and 1.0 mm,2.0 mm, 3.0 mm temporally and nasally to the vertex) 1 week and 1 month postoperatively using Visante anterior segment optical coherence tomography.The mean flap thickness (MFT) at different measuring points was compared using a one-way ANOVA for analysis in each group 1 week and 1 month after LASIK.The standard deviations (SD) of each measuring point's thickness was compared by analyzing the stability in making corneal flaps for the two groups.Moreover,the mean deviation (MD) of corneal thickness for the two groups was compared using an independent samples t test 1 week and 1 month postoperatively.Results There was no difference in MFT between the different points in group SBK,while it was dramatically different in group CP 1 week (F=17.754,P＜0.01) and 1 month (F=15.242, P＜0.01) after LASIK.The maximum differences of the MFT at different measuring points 1 week and 1 month postoperatively were both 2.9 μm in group SBK and were 18.4 μm and 17.7 μm in group CP.The average of the standard deviation (SD) of the MFT in group SBK was 7.9 μm and 8.2 μm 1 week and 1 month postoperatively,respectively,while it was 9.7 μm and 9.9 μm in group CP.And finally,only the points 1 mm to the horizontal vertex 1 week after LASIK and the point 1 mm temporally to the vertex 1 month after LASIK showed no statistical differences in MD between the two groups.Conclusion Both microkeratomes are stable in making corneal flaps,and the Moria OUP-SBK is more consistent and accurate than the Schwin