Abstract Objective To investigate the biometric properties of the anterior segment of high myopia eyes, and to determine if there are differences in the ocular biometry of eyes with high myopia and low to moderate refractive errors. Methods Twenty-three patients [aged from 8 to 49 years, mean age (24.1±12.4)years]with unilateral high myopia (-6.00 diopters or more) were recruited for the paired study. Fellow eyes with low to moderate refractive errors (within -5.75 diopters) were used as a control group. Anisometropia was (8.73±4.73)D (range from 1.62 D to 16.75 D). The central comeal thickness and axial length (AL) were measured with A-scan ultrasonography and corneal curvature (mean curvature of the maximum and minimum meridian curvature of the central cornea), corneal asphericity (Q value within 30 degrees), corneal astigmatism、anterior chamber depth (ACD), anterior chamber angle (ACA) and anterior chamber volume (ACV) were measured with a Pentacam. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software for Windows (version 15.0). A paired t-test was used to evaluate the differences in the parameters between the two eyes and linear correlation was used to describe the correlation between the two variables. A P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The high myopia group showed significantly higher ocular astigmatism [(1.43±1.26)D vs (0.93±0.92)D], AL [(27.45±1.63)mm vs (24.19±1.41)mm]and AL/CR (3.60±0.22 vs 3.16±0.12) than the control group (t=-2.539, P<0.05; t=8.606, P<0.01; t=8.167, P< 0.01, respectively). In the high myopia group, the anterior and posterior corneal curvature, corneal astigmatism and comeal asphericity, ACD, ACA and ACV were (44.1±1.8)D, (-6.3±0.3)D, (1.4± 1.0)D, (0.3±0.2)D, -0.35±0.13, -0.16±0.18, (3.12±0.30)mm, (38.7±4.2)° and (178±37)mm\ respectively; and in the control group, the values were (44.1±1.8)D, (-6.4±0.3)D, (1.3±0.8)D, (0.4± 0.2)D, -0.33±0.10, -0.20±0.19, (3.08±0.32)mm, (38.8±5.8)° and (175±40)mm3 respectively. There were no significant differences between the
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