To measure the choroidal thickness (ChT) of adolescents and correlate the ChT with elevation at high altitude areas. Methods: A cross-sectional study. Between May 13, 2015 and June 10, 2015, 674 students lived at the altitude of 1 535 meters (group A), 1 917 meters (group B) and 2 936 meters (group C) were examine. CirrusTM HD-OCT 4000 scanner was used to measure ChT at 7 locations: Fovea and 750, 1 500, and 2 250 μm nasal (N) and temporal (T) to the fovea. Monocular data were used for analysis. Continuous variables were analyzed using univariate analysis of variance, and categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. Results: A total of 624 participants (624 eyes) were included, and group A, B, and C was 172, 242, and 210 cases, respectively. There was no difference in age, gender, spherical equivalent, keratometry, anterior chamber depth, and axial length among three groups. The mean ChTs at the location of T2250, T1500, T750, Fovea, N750, N1500, N2250 in the group C were 283±61, 291±59, 298±63, 302±62, 282±61, 246±62, and 215±58 μm, respectively, which were thicker than the group A and B ( all P<0.05), there was no difference between group A and group B. Between the participants aged 7-14 years with emmetropia or mild myopia, the ChT in the group C were thicker than the group A and B (all P<0.05). There was no difference between group A and group B. Among the participants with moderate myopia, there was no difference in three groups. Among the participants aged 15-19 years, the ChT in the group C were thicker than the group B (all P<0.05). Conclusions: The ChT was significantly different in adolescents lived in different high altitude areas. ChT increased with elevation increasing, which was marked between the participants aged 7-14 years with emmetropia or mild myopia, and was unremarkable for the participants aged 15-19 years with moderate myopia. Key words: choroidal thickness; high altitude; optical coherence tomography; adolescents; ametropia
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