儿童青少年近视患者屈光度与黄斑血流的相关性

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20201105-00428

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摘要目的：探讨儿童青少年近视患者近视屈光度与黄斑区血流密度、黄斑区中心凹无灌注区（FAZ）大小的关系。方法：系列病例研究。收集2019年7月至2020年1月就诊于宁德市医院视光门诊儿童青少年近视患者50例（100眼）。所有患者行身高、裸眼视力、屈光度、矫正视力检查后，行眼轴测量和 OCTA检查。按照等效球镜度（SE）大小分为正视及轻度近视组（-3.0 D<SE<+0.5 D）66眼和中高度近视组（SE≤-3.0 D）34眼，观察2组黄斑区浅层毛细血管长度密度（VD）、血流灌注密度（PD）和黄斑区FAZ的差异以及与身高、眼轴等的相关性。采用方差分析、秩和检验、 Pearson相关等进行数据分析。结果：正视及轻度近视组和中高度近视组的黄斑浅层中心1 mm直径圆VD1、1 mm直径圆 PD1、中心6 mm直径圆PD4比较，差异均无统计学意义。组间黄斑浅层中心6 mm直径圆VD4及FAZ 差异有统计学意义（t=3.870，P=0.031；t=6.237，P=0.014）。FAZ与眼轴、年龄呈负相关性（r=-0.333， P=0.001；r=-0.289，P=0.042）。结论：正视及轻度近视的儿童青少年VD4和FAZ均较中高度近视组大， FAZ与眼轴、年龄呈负相关性，但因果关系仍需进一步研究证明。

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关键词 ： , 近视, 黄斑血流密度, 光学相干断层扫描血管成像, 眼轴, 黄斑区中心无血管区面积, 儿童青少年

Abstract： Objective: To investigate the relationship between amount of myopia and blood flow density and foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in the macular area in myopic children and adolescents. Methods: This was a case series study. The clinical data of 50 cases and 100 eyes of children and adolescents who were tested for myopia in the optometry clinic of Ningde City Hospital Affiliated to Ningde Normal University from July 2019 to January 2020 were collected for analysis. All subjects were examined for height, uncorrected visual acuity, refractive error, and corrected visual acuity. The eye axial length and OCTA in the macular area were also tested. Patients were divided into two groups according to the size of the equivalent spherical refractive error (SE): A low myopia-to-emmetropia group (-3.0 D<SE<+0.5 D) with 66 eyes and a moderate-to-high myopia group (SE≤-3.0 D) with 34 eyes. The differences in blood flow vascular density (VD), perfusion density (PD) and FAZ between the two groups were observed, as well as their correlations with the child's height and eye axial length. Analysis of variance, rank and inspection, and Pearson correlation analysis were used to test results for the macular blood flow, eye axial length and the child's height. Results: There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the vascular density of a 1 mm diameter area (VD1), the perfusion density of a 1 mm diameter area (PD1) and the perfusion density of a 6 mm diameter area (PD4) centered at the macular shallow layer. VD4 and FAZ were significantly different (t=3.870, P=0.031; t=6.237, P=0.014), FAZ was negatively correlated with eye axial length and age (r=-0.333, P=0.001; r=-0.289, P=0.042). Conclusions: The VD4 and FAZ of children and adolescents with low myopia are both larger than those with moderate-to-high myopia, and FAZ is negatively correlated with eye axial length and age, but the causal relationship needs further study.

Key words： myopia macular blood flow density optical coherence tomography angiography axis oculi foveal avascular zone children and adolescents

收稿日期: 2020-11-05

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通讯作者: 张潇涵（ORCID：0000-0001-5852-5561），Email：394482796@qq.com

引用本文:

林凌莉张潇涵. 儿童青少年近视患者屈光度与黄斑血流的相关性[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2021, 23(4): 272-276. Lingli Lin, Xiaohan Zhang. Correlation between Amount of Myopia and Macular Blood Flow in Myopic Children and Adolescents. Chinese Journal of Optometry Ophthalmology and Visual science, 2021, 23(4): 272-276. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20201105-00428

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https://www.cjoovs.com/CN/10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20201105-00428 或 https://www.cjoovs.com/CN/Y2021/V23/I4/272

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