新疆塔城地区汉族和哈萨克族人群翼状胬肉患病率及危险因素研究

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20210330-00125

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摘要

目的：探讨新疆塔城地区汉族和哈萨克族50 岁及以上人群翼状胬肉患病率及危险因素。方法：横断

面研究。2015年10月至2018年6月由新疆生产建设兵团第九师医院对塔城地区50岁及以上人群翼状

胬肉的患病率情况进行调查。按行政区域划分基本抽样单位（BSU），每个BSU约1 000人，若BSU超

过1 500 人则划分为2 个以上的BSU。将该地区划分240 个BSU，采用随机数表法抽选其中12 个BSU

进行调查。采用问卷调查的方式收集受检者的年龄、民族、性别、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟、年龄相

关性白内障、冠心病、紫外线照射时间（夏）和紫外线照射时间（冬）等项目，采用裂隙灯显微镜观察

受检者是否患有翼状胬肉，并对翼状胬肉的程度进行分级。采用秩和检验比较上述因素与翼状胬肉

患病率之间的关系，对秩和检验中有统计学意义的因素行Logistic回归分析。结果：共计2 114 人纳

入本次调查研究，其中489 人（23.13%）患有翼状胬肉，50～59 岁组有65 人（21.04%）；60～69 岁组有

168人（24.93%）；70～79岁组有219人（23.08%）；80岁以上人群中有37人（20.33%）。秩和检验显示不

同性别（χ2=5.560，P=0.018）、是否吸烟（χ2=6.568，P=0.010）、不同紫外线照射时间（夏季）（ χ2=8.884，

P<0.001）、是否患年龄相关性白内障（χ2=4.397，P=0.036）、是否屈光不正（χ2=8.273，P=0.004）在人

群间患翼状胬肉中的比例有差异。Logistic多项回归分析显示紫外线照射（夏）[0 ─4 时：OR=2.184，

95%置信区间（CI）：0.502-9.175；4 ─8时：OR=1.651，95%CI：1.256-3.295]、屈光不正（OR=1.903，

95%CI：1.425-2.248）为该地区翼状胬肉患病的独立危险因素。结论：新疆塔城地区50岁及以上人群

翼状胬肉患病率为23.13%，且汉族和哈萨克族不同民族间不具有差异性，紫外线照射（夏）是该地区

翼状胬肉的危险因素。

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关键词 ：翼状胬肉, 患病率, 危险因素, 新疆塔城地区

Abstract：

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of pterygium in Han and Kazak ethnic groups

aged 50 and older in the Tacheng region of Xinjiang. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The

prevalence of pterygium in people aged 50 years and older in the Tacheng region was investigated and

studied by the Jiu Shi Hospital of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps from October 2015 to June

2018. The basic sampling units (BSU) were divided by administrative area, with approximately 1 000

people in each BSU, or divided into more than 2 BSUs if the BSU exceeded 1 500 people. The Tacheng

region was divided into 240 BSUs. We randomly selected 12 BSUs by using random number table method.

Questionnaires were used to collect information such as age, ethnicity, gender, hypertension, diabetes,

smoking, age-related cataract, coronary heart disease, duration of UV exposure (summer), and duration of

UV exposure (winter). Pterygium was diagnosed and graded clinically by slit-lamp examination. Rank sum

test was performed to compare the association between the above factors and the prevalence of pterygium.

Then, we entered all significant factors (predefined as P<0.05 in Rank sum test) into a multivariable

logistic regression model to identify independent factors correlating with pterygium. Results: A total of

2 114 individuals were included in this study, of which 489 were diagnosed with pterygium (23.13%),

including 65(21.04%) in group aged 50-59, 168(24.93%) in group aged 60-69, 219(23.08%) in group

aged 70-79, 37(20.33%) in group aged above 80. Rank sum test showed that gender (F=5.560, P=0.018),

smoking (F=6.568, P=0.010), duration of UV exposure (summer) (F=8.884, P<0.001), age-related cataract

(F=4.397, P=0.036), and refractive error (F=8.273, P=0.004) were associated with pterygium. Further

logistic multiple regression analysis revealed that UV exposure (summer) [0-4: OR=2.184, 95%CI: 0.502-

9.175; 4-8: OR=1.651, 95%CI: 1.256-3.295], and refractive error (OR=1.903, 95%CI: 1.425-2.248)

were independent risk factors for the presence of pterygium in this region. Conclusions: The prevalence

of pterygium in people aged 50 years and older in Tacheng, Xinjiang is 23.13%, There is no significant

difference between Han and Kazak ethnic groups. Ultraviolet radiation (summer) is independently

associated with pterygium.

Key words： Pterygium prevalence risk factors Tacheng region Xinjiang

收稿日期: 2021-03-30

PACS:

基金资助:河北省研究生示范课程立项建设项目（KCJSZ2020055）

通讯作者: 何叶（ORCID：0000-0001-6589-7910），Email：yehe24@outlook.com

引用本文:

李晓, 李国庆, 徐静, 等.. 新疆塔城地区汉族和哈萨克族人群翼状胬肉患病率及危险因素研究[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2021, 23(12): 903-909. Xiao Li, Guoqing Li, Jing Xu, et al. The Prevalence and Risk Factors of Pterygium in Han and Kazak Ethnic Groups in Tacheng, Xinjiang. Chinese Journal of Optometry Ophthalmology and Visual science, 2021, 23(12): 903-909. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20210330-00125

链接本文:

https://www.cjoovs.com/CN/10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20210330-00125 或 https://www.cjoovs.com/CN/Y2021/V23/I12/903

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