Objective To study the clinical effects of myopia and myopic astigmatism treated by wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) surgery with iris recognition.Methods In a prospective case-control study,LASIK surgery was performed on 30 eyes of 30 patients.One of the inclusion criteria was the root mean square value of higher order aberrations (RMS HO) no less than 0.30 μm preoperatively.The patients were randomly divided into group A and group B.Wavefront-guided LASIK surgery with iris recognition was used on the patients in group A,while conventional LASIK surgery was used on the patients in group B.Wavefront aberrations and contrast sensitivity functions (CSF) were measured and recorded preoperatively and at 1 month and 3 months postoperatively.Comparisons of the variables between groups A and B were done with an independent samples t test.Results Three months postoperatively,the mean log MAR visual acuities of groups A and B were -0.12±0.06 and-0.09±0.07,respectively.The differences were not statistically significant.One month postoperatively the mean RMS HO of group A was significantly lower than that of group B (t=-0.297,P＜0.05).Three months postoperatively,photopic CSF without glare at 1.5 c/d and 3.0 c/d and mesopic CSF without glare at 18 c/d spatial frequency in group A were obviously better than in group B.The differences were statistically significant (t=2.517,2.175,2.263,P＜0.05).Conclusion Wavefront-guided LASIK surgery with iris recognition is safe and effective in the treatment of myopia and myopic astigmatism.Wavefront-guided LASIK surgery with iris recognition has obvious superiority over conventional LASIK surgery in the correction of higher-order aberrations,which could ameliorate postoperative visual function deterioration after LASIK.