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| A Study of Refraction and Ocular Biometric Parameters in Preschool Children in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing |
| Dan Huang1, Rui Li1, Qi Yan1, Yingxiao Qian1, Ji Chen2, Hu Liu1, Hui Zhu1 |
| 1Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
2Department of Ophthalmology, Yuhuatai District Maternal and Child Health Clinic, Nanjing 210012, China |
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Abstract Objective: To investigate the distribution and changes of refractive status and ocular biometric parameters in preschool children in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing. Methods: It was a prospective cohort study. Ocular examinations were conducted for preschool children in middle class of kindergarten, with a followed-up of 1 year, in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing. Ocular biometric parameters were measured by optical low-coherence refectometry, including axial length (AL), lens thickness (LT) and cornea power (CP). Lens power (LP) were calculated by Bennett's formula. AL/CR ratio were calculated from AL and Corneal Radius. Spherical equivalent (SE) were measured by a table-mounted autorefraction with topical 1.0% cyclopentolate. Independent sample t-test and paired t-test were performed to assess the longitudinal changes and gender differences. Results: Atotal of 876 children in middle class completed the baseline examinations, of which 578 completed a 1 year followed-up and were included in the final analysis (mean age: 4.6±0.3 years; boy 53.81%). Mean SE were 1.27 ± 0.67 D and 1.23 ± 0.66 D in milled class and graduate class for 578 children. There were no statistically signifcant differences in age, gender, and baseline SE between the children who were not included in the analysis (298 people) and those who were included in the analysis. The mean SE change value of -0.03 ± 0.41 D without statistically signifcance (P>0.05). AL and AL/CR increased from 22.27 ± 0.66 mm, 2.84 ± 0.06 to 22.50 ± 0.66 mm (t=46.93, P<0.001) and 2.87 ± 0.06 (t=20.75, P<0.001) at the 1-year follow-up, respectively. LT and LP decreased from 3.81 ± 0.24 mm and 24.72 ± 1.51 D to 3.71 ± 0.22 mm and 23.83 ± 1.32 D, respectively (t=-11.47, P<0.001; t=-22.76, P<0.001). Signifcant gender differences were observed in SE (t=3.33, P<0.001; t=3.63, P<0.001), AL (t=-11.89, P<0.001; t=-11.96, P<0.001), CP (t=7.78, P<0.001; t=8.12, P<0.001), LT (t=3.31, P<0.001; t=3.33, P<0.001), LP (t=7.66, P<0.001; t=8.42, P<0.001), AL/CR (t=-3.64, P<0.001; t=-3.57, P=0.012) between middle and large classes. Conclusions: The significant refractive power reduction was not observed in preschool children aged 4-6 years. The reason may be that the decrease in LP compensates for the refractive changes caused by the growth ofAL. Gender may infuence the refractive development.
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Received: 05 April 2023
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| Fund:National Natural Science Foundation of China (82273159); Young Scientists Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82003475); Jiangsu Province's Science and Technology Project (BE2020722) |
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Corresponding Authors:
Hui Zhu, Email: zhny1125@njmu.edu.cn
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