Objective To evaluate the corneal aberrations after femtosecond LASIK for myopia and myopia astigmatism with a wavefront optimized profile. Methods Prospective study including 30 eyes from 30 patients （mean 20.9±2.8 years） with myopia （mean spherical equivalent refractive -6.48±1.61 D）. The asphericity （Q value） of the anterior corneal surface for patients with different corneal diameters （6， 7， 8 and 9 mm） were measured with Pentacam. Higher-order aberrations （HOAs） of the corneal were measured with the Keratron at 6 mm pupil diameter. Postoperative changes in corneal HOAs and corneal asphericity were analyzed during 3 months follow up. Paired t test was used to analysis the pre- and post-operative data. Pearson correlation was used to investigate correlations between Q values， corneal aberrations and other data. Results At 6 mm pupil diameter significant increases in corneal HOAs， whole spherical aberration （WSA）， whole coma （WComa）， C3+1， C3-1， C40、 C4+2， C5+1， C5-1， C60 were observed 3 months after surgery （t=-8.254， -7.385， -6.108， -5.651， -2.195， -7.565， -4.628， -2.974， -2.748， -7.068， P<0.05）. Corneal asphericity for 6， 7， 8， 9 mm also increased significantly （t=16.999， -19.208， -21.502， -22.197， P<0.05）. At 6 mm pupil diameter significant correlations were found between Q change（△Q6 mm） and HOA change （△HOA）， WSA change （△WSA）， C40 change （△C40）， WCom change （△WComa） （r=0.736， 0.792， 0.788， 0.383， P<0.05）. No correlation between △Q6 mm and whole trefoil change （△WTrefoil）， C60 change （△C60） （r=0.099， -0.348， P＞0.05）. Conclusion Femtosecond LASIK using a wavefront optimized ablation profile yielded excellent visual outcomes. A significant induction of corneal HOAs still exists.