To establish an archive of refractive development as a tool for understanding the development of myopia in a population of children and adolescents； to conduct an individual myopia prevention and control strategy. An archive that features the study of refractive development in children and adolescents is currently being developed throughout the country. Effective organization， scientific management， and constant improvement in technological content and applications are important prerequisites for the sustainable development of these archives. It is emphasized that one should strengthen the integrity and dynamically update the refractive development archives under multi-sectorial cooperation. Further studies on the early prediction and intervention of myopia should be conducted and included in these archives. Furthermore， connotations should be improved and the archives should be expanded to feature leading technology in optometry， public health and information science. This approach should help to achieve a reduction in the incidence of myopia in children and adolescents.