Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Timololon refractive outcomes in eyes with myopic regression after laser refractive keratectomy and to discuss the function of Timolol eye drops. Methods: Fifty-one patients (97 eyes) with postoperative refractive regression participated in this randomized controlled study. Patients had undergone laser refractive keratectomy and had been followed up for a long time, from May 2002 to August 2014. Patients were divided into two groups and both groups underwent treatment for one month. One group was treated with Timolol eye drops (48 eyes) and the other group was treated with just Tear drops (49 eyes). BCVA, intraocular pressure, and refractive results were measured in the two groups after treatment with the eye drops and the results were compared by t -test. Results: The change in visual acuity for the group treated with Timolol eye drops showed that the mean UCVA improved significantly from 0.80±0.25 to 0.18±0.13, and the mean UCVA changed from 0.78±0.20 to 0.90±0.85 in the group treated with Tear drops. There was a significant difference between the two groups after treatment (t=6.42, P =0.005). The intraocular pressure (IOP) of the Timolol group decreased, with a change of 1-4 mmHg, with an average change of 1.41±0.39 mmHg. The other group had a decrease in IOP of -2-1 mmHg, with an average change of 0.52±0.35 mmHg. There was a significant difference
between the two groups in decreasement (t=12.85, P =0.007). The manifest refraction of the Timolol group improved from -0.95±0.42 D to -0.13±0.20 D, and the Tear group from -0.93±0.43 D to -0.90±0.42 D. There was a significant difference between the two groups (t=19.68, P =0.002). Conclusions: Timolol eye drops are effective for reducing refractive regression after laser refractive keratectomy for myopia correction.