3～12岁儿童眼轴长度、晶状体屈光力与屈光不正的关系

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20190716-00197

摘要
图/表
参考文献(0)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF 1719KB HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要目的：探讨3～12岁儿童屈光参数发育特点，分析其与屈光不正的相关性。方法：描述性研究。共纳入2017年12月至2018年12月在重庆医科大学附属儿童医院眼科门诊就诊的3～12岁儿童600例（1 200眼），通过睫状肌麻痹检影验光及光学生物量仪（IOL-Master）获得等效球镜度（SE）、眼轴长度、角膜屈光力、前房深度，并计算晶状体屈光力。按年龄分成3组，分别为3～6岁组，7～9岁组和10～12岁组。按SE分成5组，分别为远视组、正视组、轻度近视组、中度近视组和高度近视组。采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析及线性回归分析年龄、屈光与各屈光参数的关系。结果：3～6岁组，7～9岁组和10～12岁组SE（F=131.5，P<0.001）及晶状体屈光力（F=276.4，P<0.001）随年龄增长逐渐变小，眼轴长度（F=235.02，P<0.001）、前房深度（F=228.7，P<0.001）随年龄增长逐渐增大，角膜曲率（F=0.01，P=0.66）变化稳定。3组SE与眼轴长度呈负相关（r=-0.80、-0.85、-0.81，均P<0.001），与晶状体屈光力呈正相关（r=0.98、0.92、0.91，均P<0.001）。轻度近视组，眼轴长度及晶状体屈光力与SE呈正相关性（r=0.545、0.601，P<0.001）；高度近视组眼轴长度及晶状体屈光力与SE呈正相关性（r=0.675、0.784，P<0.001[1]）。矫正年龄和性别后，眼轴长度解释SE 73.6%的变异，晶状体屈光力可解释SE 86.5%的变异。结论：眼轴长度与晶状体屈光力是影响屈光发育和近视发展的主要因素。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章

关键词 ：儿童, 屈光不正, 近视, 眼轴长度, 晶状体屈光力

Abstract：Objective: To investigate the developmental characteristics of refractive parameters and to evaluate their association with refraction in children aged 3-12 years. Methods: This was a descriptive study. A total of 600 children (1 200 eyes) aged 3-12 years old were enrolled in the department of Ophthalmology,Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from December 2017 to December 2018. Biometric measurements, including axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD), and corneal refraction (K), were obtained from IOL-Master before cycloplegia. Lens power (LP) was calculated. Cycloplegic refraction was measured using an autorefractor and retinoscopy, and spherical equivalent (SE) was calculated. The group was subdivided into 3-6 year olds, 7-9 year olds and 10-12 year olds. They were divided into five groups based on SE: Hyperopia group, emmetropia group, mild myopia group, moderate myopia group and high myopia group. The relationship between age, refractive index and refractive parameters was analyzed with an independent sample t-test, one-factor analysis of variance and linear regression analysis. Results: SE (F=131.5, P<0.001) and LP (F=276.4, P<0.001) decreased gradually with age. AL (F=235.02, P<0.001) and ACD (F=228.7, P<0.001) increased gradually with age. CR (F=0.01, P=0.66) was stable. SE had a negative correlation with AL (r=-0.80, -0.85, -0.81, P<0.001). SE had a positive correlation with LP (r=0.98, 0.92, 0.91, P<0.001). In the mild myopia group, AL and LP were moderately correlated with SER (r=-0.545, 0.601, P<0.001). In the high myopia group, AL and LP were highly correlated with SE (r=-0.675, 0.784, P<0.001). For the SE variance, AL explained 73.6% and LP explained 86.5% after adjusting for age and gender. Conclusions: AL and LP are the main factors that affect the development of refraction and myopia.

Key words： child refractive error myopia axial length lens power

收稿日期: 2019-11-19

基金资助:重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项项目（cstc2017shmsA130103）

通讯作者: 皮练鸿（ORCID：0000-00028334-4014），Email：plh123@126.com

引用本文:

王阳赵汝莲皮练鸿. 3～12岁儿童眼轴长度、晶状体屈光力与屈光不正的关系[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2020, 22(3): 192-198. Yang Wang, Rulian Zhao, Lianhong Pi. Relationship between Axial Length, Lens Power, and Refractive Error in Children Aged 3─12 Years. Chinese Journal of Optometry Ophthalmology and Visual science, 2020, 22(3): 192-198. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20190716-00197

链接本文:

https://www.cjoovs.com/CN/10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20190716-00197 或 https://www.cjoovs.com/CN/Y2020/V22/I3/192

[1]	Brown NP, Koretz JF, Bron AJ. The development and maintenance
	of emmetropia. Eye (Lond), 1999, 13(1): 83-92. DOI: 10.1038/
	eye.1999.16.
[2]	Troilo D. Neonatal eye growth and emmetropisationda literature
	review. Eye(Lond), 1992, 6(2): 154-160. DOI: 10.1038/eye.
19	92.31.
[3]	Mutti DO, Mitchell GL, Jones LA, et al. Axial growth andchanges
	in lenticular and corneal power during emmetropizationin infants.
	Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2005, 46(9): 3074-3080. DOI:
10	1167/iovs.04-1040.
[4]	Morgan IG, Rose KA, Ellwein LB. Is emmetropia the natural
	endpoint for human refractive development? An analysis of
	population-based data from the Refractive Error Study in
	Children (RESC). Acta Ophthalmol, 2010, 88(8): 877-884. DOI:
10	1111/j.1755-3768.2009.01800.x.
[5]	Sorsby A, Sheridan M, Leary GA, et al. Vision, visual acuity,
	and ocular refraction of young men: Findings in a sample of
1,	033 subjects. Br Med J, 1960, 1(5183): 1394-1398. DOI:
10	1136/bmj.1.5183.1394.
[6]	Flitcroft DI. Emmetropisation and the aetiology of
	refractiveerrors. Eye (Lond), 2014, 28(2): 169-179. DOI:10.1038/eye.2013.276.
[7]	Mutti DO, Mitchell GL, Jones LA, et al. Accommodation,
	acuity, and their relationship to emmetropization in infants.
	Optom Vis Sci, 2009, 86(6): 666-676. DOI: 10.1097/
	OPX.0b013e3181a6174f.
[8]	Grosvenor T, Goss DA. Role of the cornea in emmetropia
	and myopia. Optom Vis Sci, 1998, 75(2): 132-145.DOI:
10	1097/00006324-199802000-00017.
[9]	董凌燕, 亢晓丽, 王亚夫. 盐酸环喷托酯、复方托吡卡胺与
	阿托品睫状肌麻痹作用的比较. 上海交通大学学报, 2011,
3(	10): 1432-1435. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-8115.2011.10.016.
[10]	杨义, 张文芳, 李玉婷, 等. 甘肃省城乡中小学生近视及影响
	因素的流行病学调查. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2019,
21	(5): 327-333. DOI: 1674-845X.2019.05.002.10.3760/cma.
	j.issn.
[11]	Yang CS, Wang AG, Shih YF, et al. Long-term biometric optic
	components of diode laser-treated threshold retinopathy of
	prematurity at 9 years of age. Acta Ophthalmol, 2013, 91(4):
	e276-82. DOI: 10.1111/aos.12053.
[12]	Chin MP, Siong KH, Chan KH, et al. Prevalence of visual
	impairment and refractive errors among different ethnic groups
	in schoolchildren in Turpan, China. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt,
20	15, 35(3): 263. DOI: 10.1111/opo.12193.
[13]	Rozema JJ, Atchison DA, Tassignon MJ. Comparing Methods
	to Estimate the Human Lens Power. 2011, 52(11): 7937-7941.
	DOI: 10.1167/iovs.11-8645.
[14]	Lin Z, Vasudenvan B, Jhanji V, et al. Near work, outdoor activity,
	and their association with refractive error. Optom Vis Sci, 2014,
91	(4): 376-382. DOI: 10.1097/opx.0000000000000219.
[15]	Deborah Jones, Doerte Luensmann. The prevalence and impact
	of high myopia. Eye Contact Lens, 2012, 38(3): 188-196. DOI:
10	1097/ICL.0b013e31824ccbc3.
[16]	Zadnik K, Mutti DO, Mitchell GL, et al. Normal eye growth
	inemmetropic schoolchildren. Optom Vis Sci, 2004, 81(11):
81	9-828. DOI: 10.1097/01.OPX.0000145028.53923.67.
[17]	赵海岚, 余洁, 徐海铭. 杭州市拱墅区公立小学三年级小学
	生近视患病率及相关因素分析. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学
	杂志, 2019, 21(5): 321-326. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-
84	5X.2019.05.001.
[18]	Omar A. Mahroo, Cathy Williams, Pirro G.Hysi, et al.
	Interocular asymmetries in axial length and refractive error in 4
	cohorts. Ophthalmology, 2015, 122(3): 648-649. DOI: 10.1016/
	j.ophtha.2014.10.021.
[19]	Yip VC, Pan CW, Lin XY, et al. The relationship between
	growth spurts and myopia in Singapore children. Invest
	Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(13): 7961-7966. DOI: 10.1167/
	iovs.12-10402.
[20]	Ojaimi E, Rose KA, Morgan IG, et al. Distribution of ocular
	biometric parameters and refraction in a population- based study
	of Australianchildren. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2005, 46(8):
27	48-2754. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.04-1324.
[21]	Fan DS, Cheung EY, Lai RY, et al. Myopia progression among
	preschool Chinese children in Hong Kong. Ann Acad Med
	Singapore, 2004, 33(1): 39-43. DOI: 10.1097/00000441-
20	0401000-00012.
[22]	Bueno-Gimeno, Espana-Gregori, Gene-Sampedro, et al.
	Relationship among Corneal Biomechanics, Refractive Error,
	and Axial Length. Optometry Vision Sci, 2014, 91(5): 507-513.
	DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000000231.
[23]	Ip JM, Huynh SC, Kifley A, et al. Variation of the
	contributionfrom axial length and other oculometric parameters
	to refraction by age and ethnicity. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci,
20	07, 48(10): 4846-4853. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.07-0101.
[24]	Hon Y, Cheung SW, Cho P, et al. Repeatability of corneal
	biomechanical measurements in children wearing spectacles and
	orthokeratology lenses. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt, 2012, 32: 349-
54	DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-1313.2012.00920.x.
[25]	Bhardwaj V, Rajeshbhai GP. Axial length, anterior chamber
	depth-A study in different age groups and refractive errors.
	J Clin Diagn Res, 2013, 7(10): 2211-2212. DOI: 10.7860/
	JCDR/2013/7015.3473.
[26]	Wong HB, Machin D, Tan SB, et al. Ocular component growth
	curves among Singaporean children with different refractive
	error status. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2010, 51(3): 1341-1347.
	DOI: 10.1167/iovs.09-3431.
[27]	Jones LA, Mitchell GL, Mutti DO, et al. Comparison of ocular
	component growth curves among refractive error groups in
	children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2005, 46(7): 2317-2327.
	DOI: 10.1167/iovs.04-0945.
[28]	Hashemi H, Jafarzadehpur E, Ghaderi S, et al. Ocular
	components during the ages of ocular development. Acta
	Ophthalmol, 2015, 93(1): e74-e81. DOI: 10.1111/aos.12498.
[29]	Twelker JD, Mitchell GL, Messer DH, et al. Children's
	ocularcomponents and age, gender, and ethnicity. Optom Vis Sci,
20	09, 86(8): 918-935. DOI: 10.1097/opx.0b013e3181b2f903.