Abstract：Objective: To investigate the effects of myopia progression on fundus blood flow and choroidal thickness (CT) in children. Methods: This was a prospective study. The subjects were recruited from the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University from July 2018 to September 2018. Cycloplegic autorefraction and axial length (AL) were measured at baseline and at 12-month visits. Radial lines (6 mm×6 mm) and angio (3 mm×3 mm) scans centered on the macula were obtained using swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and SS-OCT angiography. CT was measured in the fovea, superior, inferior, nasal and temporal areas of the fovea. Flow density was recorded using self-provided software in thesuperficial retinal layer, deep retinal layer and choroid capillary layer. A paired t-test, Pearson correlation test and simple linear regression were used to analyze the results. Results: A total of 47 myopic children (47 eyes) aged 11.1±1.3 years that included 21 males and 26 females were enrolled. After one year, the AL and SE of the subjects increased significantly 24.75±0.86 mm increased to 24.91±0.84 mm, t=12.25, P<0.001; -2.59±0.93 D increased to -3.09±0.96 D, t=11.12, P<0.001. Compared with baseline data,the CT became significantly thinner, from 238±54 μm to 231±55 μm (t=2.67, P=0.011), and blood flow density of the superficial and deep retina and choroid decreased significantly after 1 year (t=6.66, P<0.001;t=3.38, P=0.002; t=3.18, P=0.003). There was a linear correlation between the changes in blood flow of the superficial and deep retina and the changes in diopter (r=0.35, P=0.02; r=0.37, P=0.01). Conclusions:CT becomes thin and retinal and choroid blood flow density decrease significantly during the progression of myopia in children. It is speculated that these fundus changes may play a role in the progression of myopia.
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