山西省交城县学龄儿童近视流行现状及特征研究

doi:10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20210816-00321

摘要
图/表
参考文献(17)
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF 651KB HTML (1 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS) 背景资料

文章导读

摘要

目的：了解山西省交城县学龄儿童近视状况，分析其流行特征，探讨其可能的影响因素，为构建当地

的近视综合防控体系提供科学依据。方法：横断面调查研究。于2019 年3月采取整群随机抽样方法，

随机抽取交城县3 所小学、3 所中学在校学生（每个年级随机抽取2 个班级）进行视力和屈光度检查。

通过卡方趋势检验，比较不同年龄段学龄儿童近视发展趋势。采用Logistic回归分析其影响因素。结

果：共调查了3 927名学龄儿童，年龄6～14（10.3±0.6）岁，男女比例为1.13:1。视力不良总检出率为

76.24%，近视总检出率为80.14%。随着年龄增长，12～14 岁中、高度近视检出率逐渐升高（χ2

for trend=294.84，P<0.001）。Logistic回归分析显示女生是近视的危险因素，对于9～11岁和12～14岁
学生，家庭作业超过2 h是学生发生近视的危险因素。户外活动超过2 h、睡眠时间充足、每年至少2次
及以上的眼健康检查是近视的保护因素。结论：山西省交城县学龄儿童视力不良率及近视患病率处于全国

较高水平，应尽早采取必要措施进行干预，构建近视综合防控体系，培养全民近视防控意识。

	服务

	把本文推荐给朋友
	加入我的书架
	加入引用管理器
	E-mail Alert
	RSS
	作者相关文章

关键词 ：视力不良, 近视, 学龄儿童, 横断面研究, 近视防控体系

Abstract：

Objective: To understand the prevalence of myopia among school-age children in Jiaocheng county,

Shanxi province; to analyze its epidemic characteristics, and explore its possible influencing factors, so as

to provide a scientific basis for the establishment of a local, comprehensive myopia prevention and control

system. Methods: Cross-sectional investigation. In March 2019, a cluster random sampling method was

adopted to select students from 3 primary schools and 3 middle schools in Jiaocheng County (2 classes

in each grade) for visual acuity and refractive error examination. The developmental trend of myopia in

schoolchildren of different ages was compared by a Chi-square trend test, and the influencing factors were

analyzed by logistic regression. Results: A total of 3 927 school-age children, aged from 6 to 14 years old,

with an average age of 10.3±0.6 years, were investigated, and the male to female ratio was 1.13:1. The total

rate of poor vision and myopia was 76.24% and 80.14%, respectively. The detection rate of medium and

high myopia increased gradually with an increase in age (χ2

for trend=294.84, P<0.001). Logistic regression

analysis showed that female gender was a risk factor for myopia. For students aged 9-11 and 12-14, more

than 2 hours of homework was a risk factor for myopia. More than 2 hours of outdoor activities, adequate

sleep, and at least 2 or more eye health check-ups per year were protective factors for myopia. Conclusion:

The incidence of reduced visual acuity and myopia among school-age children in Jiaocheng county of

Shanxi province is at a higher level in China. It is necessary to take necessary measures of intervention as

soon as possible, build a comprehensive myopia prevention and control system, and raise an awareness of

myopia prevention and control among the entire population.

Key words：

poor vision myopia school-age children cross-sectional study myopia prevention and control system

收稿日期: 2021-08-16

PACS:

基金资助:

通讯作者: 王春芳（ORCID：0000-0001-8301-0826），Email：wsusan1966@163.com

引用本文:

李春晖高妍王春芳. 山西省交城县学龄儿童近视流行现状及特征研究[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2022, 24(2): 143-147. Chunhui Li, Yan Gao, Chunfang Wang. Study of the Prevalence and Characteristics of Myopia in School-Age Children in Jiaocheng County, Shanxi Province. Chinese Journal of Optometry Ophthalmology and Visual science, 2022, 24(2): 143-147. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20210816-00321

链接本文:

https://www.cjoovs.com/CN/10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20210816-00321 或 https://www.cjoovs.com/CN/Y2022/V24/I2/143

[1]	Holden BA, Fricke TR, Wilson DA, et al. Global prevalence of myopia and high myopia and temporal trends from 2000 through
20	50. Ophthalmology, 2016, 123(5): 1036-1042. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.01.006.
[2]	瞿佳, 吕帆, 徐良德. 切实做好儿童青少年近视眼防控工作.中华眼科杂志, 2019, 55(2): 81-85. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0412-4081.2019.02.001.
[3]	Xu L, Wang Y, Li Y, et al. Causes of blindness and visual impairment in urban and rural areas in Beijing: the Beijing Eye Study. Ophthalmology, 2006, 113(7): 1134.el-11. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.01.035.
[4]	教育部体育卫生与艺术教育司, 全国学生体质健康调研组.2005 年全国学生体质健康调研工作手册. 北京: 教育部体育卫生与艺术教育司, 2005: 33-35.
[5]	宋逸, 胡佩瑾, 董彦会, 等. 2014年全国各省、自治区、直辖市汉族学生视力不良现况分析. 北京大学学报(医学版), 2017,49(3): 433-438. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-167X.2017.03.010.
[6]	杨义, 张文芳, 李玉婷, 等. 甘肃省城乡中小学生近视及影响因素的流行病学调查. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2019,21(5): 327-333. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2019.05.002.
[7]	孔淼, 张虹, 孔福明. 天津市某地区中小学生屈光状态调查.中华眼外伤职业眼病杂志, 2020, 42(12): 903-908. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn.116022-20200707-00148.
[8]	韩摇冰, 周薇薇, 刘春民, 等. 深圳市小学初中学生视力发育及屈光状态流行病学调查. 国际眼科杂志, 2016, 16(11):2103-2106. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2016.11.30.
[9]	李丽, 边思林, 林江. 成都市青羊区3～18 岁儿童和青少年屈光状况及眼轴长度的现状分析. 国际眼科杂志, 2021. 21(2):325-330. DOI: 10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2021.2.27.
[10]	Yip VC, Pan CW, Lin XY, et al. The relationship between growth spurts and myopia in Singapore children. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, 2012, 53(13): 7961-7966. DOI: 10.1167/iovs.12-10402.
[11]	Fan Q, Barathi VA, Cheng CY, et al. Genetic variants on chromosome 1q41 influence ocular axial length and high myopia.PLoS Genet, 2012, 8(6): e1002753. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002753.
[12]	Kiefer AK, Tung JY, Do CB, et al. Genome-wide analysis points to roles for extracellular matrix remodeling, the visual cycle,
	and neuronal development in myopia. PloS Genet, 2013, 9(2):e1003299. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1003299.
[13]	蓝卫忠, 杨智宽. 青少年近视眼防控需要建立综合防控体系.中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2017, 19(4): 193-197.DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2017.04.001.
[14]	Hawthorne FA, Young TL. Genetic contributions to myopic refractive error: insights from human studies and supporting evidence from animal models.Exp Eye Res, 2013, 114: 141-149.DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2012.12.015.
[15]	Chua WH, Balakrishnan V, Chan YH, et al. Atropine for the treatment of childhood myopia. Ophthalmology, 2006, 113(12):2285-2291. DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2006.05.062.
[16]	Cho P, Tan Q. Myopia and orthokeratology for myopia control.Clin Exp Optom, 2019, 102(4): 364-377. DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12839.
[17]	Lin Z, Vasudevan B, Jhanji V, et al. Near work,outdoor activity,and their association with refractive error. Optom Vis Sci, 2014,91(4): 376-382. DOI: 10.1097/OPX.0000000000000219.