Objective: To investigate the consistency of acquired rate, ocular biological parameters, and predicted intraocular lens (IOL) power between ANTERION and IOLMaster 700 under different axial lengths (AL).Methods: This was a case series study. Patients diagnosed with cataracts were randomly enrolled in Shanxi Eye Hospital from November 2020 to March 2022. IOLMaster 700 and ANTERION were performed on all registered participants. And they were divided into three groups according to the AL from IOLMaster 700 (short eye group: AL ≤ 22 mm; normal group: 22 mm<AL<25 mm; long eye group: AL ≥ 25 mm). The interested parameters included AL, anterior chamber depth (ACD), keratometry for the flattest meridian (Kf), keratometry for the steepest meridian (Ks), mean keratometry (Km), astigmatism values (astigmatism magnitude, J0, J45), central corneal thickness (CCT), white to white (WTW), lens thickness (LT), and IOL power calculated using Barrett Universal II formula. Paired sample t-test was used for quantitative data comparison between the two devices. The agreement was evaluated using an interclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman. Results: A total of 257 patients (363 eyes) were enrolled in this study, including16 patients (22 eyes), 187 patients (250 eyes), and 54 patients (91 eyes) for short eye, normal and long eye groups, respectively. IOLMaster 700 demonstrated a higher acquired rate than ANTERION for all three groups, but there were no significant differences (all P>0.05). Except for WTW, ICC were all higher than 0.9 in all three groups. For the short eye group, CCT (t=-4.99, P<0.001), ACD (t=9.46,P<0.001), LT (t=11.25, P<0.001), Kf (t=-3.46, P=0.003), Ks (t=-4.87, P<0.001), Km (t=-5.66,P<0.001),and IOL power (t=2.70, P=0.014) showed significant differences between the two devices. For the normalgroup, CCT (t=-17.88, P<0.001), ACD (t=18.87, P<0.001), LT (t=8.88, P<0.001), Kf (t=-9.51, P<0.001),Ks (t=-10.24, P<0.001), Km (t=-14.62, P<0.001), WTW (t=-12.36, P<0.001), and IOL power(t=9.77,P<0.001) had significant differences between the two devices. For the long eye group, statistical differences were found in AL (t=4.43, P<0.001), CCT (t=-13.21, P<0.001), ACD (t=11.72, P<0.001), LT (t=10.60,P<0.001), Kf (t=-9.06, P<0.001), Ks (t=-3.13, P=0.002), Km (t=-8.80, P<0.001), WTW (t=-13.25, P<0.001),and IOL power (t=3.02, P=0.003). There were no significant differences in astigmatism vector data measured by the two devices in all three groups (all P>0.05).Conclusions:IOLMaster 700 was demonstrated a better acquired rate than ANTERION under different axial lengths. In addition, there were differences in some biological parameters between the two devices.