1Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
2Affiliated Eye Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250002, China
Abstract：Objective: To investigate the infuence factors of abnormal meibomian gland morphology in children and adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. In October 2021, a random sampling method was adopted to select 149 students (6-15 years) from 2 schools in Huantai County, Zibo City for examination of meibomian gland morphology. All subjects completed the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) questionnaire and daily video terminal use, daily reading and writing time. Biological parameters including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and refraction were measured. The meibomian gland dropout scores and the gland tortuosity scores were assessed by a non-contact ocular surface analyzer. Correlation of age, gender, BMI, refraction, OSDI, daily video terminal use, and daily reading and writing time with meibomian gland morphology was analyzed. The infuence factors associated with abnormal meibomian gland morphology were analyzed by rank sum test and logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the 149 students was 9.6±2.2 years. The percentage of abnormal meibomian gland morphology was 71.1%. The percentage of absent meibomian gland was 50.3%. Meibomian gland loss scores of all cases were as follows: grade 0: 49.7%; grade 1: 48.3%; grade 2: 2.0%. The percentage of distortion of meibomian gland was 50.3%. The gland tortuosity scores in the upper eyelid of all cases were as follows: grade 0: 49.7%; grade 1: 46.3%; grade 2: 4.0%. Binary logistic analysis showed that age≥12 years (OR=4.34, P=0.025) and OSDI score (OR=1.11, P=0.030) were associated with abnormal meibomian gland morphology in children and adolescents. Conclusions: This study revealed a relatively high level of mild meibomian gland absence or distortion in children and adolescents. Age and OSDI were correlated with morphological abnormality of the meibomian gland.
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