1 Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China 2 Department of Ophthalmology, the Qianxinan Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Xingyi 562400, China
Abstract: Objective: To investigate the prevalence of myopia among urban and rural students in the Xingyi city of Guizhou province and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted to select students aged 6-19 years from Xingyi City, Guizhou Province, from August to November 2019 using stratified sampling. A total of 8 413 students participated in the study. Of these, 7 272 students were included in the data analysis. Visual acuity, refractive examination, were examined among all the subjects, and a questionnaire were finished and the factors that influence a students' poor visual comprehension were analyzed using logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents in Xingyi city, Guizhou province, was 45.0%. The prevalence of myopia was statistically significant for gender (χ2 =25.093, P<0.001), grade (χ2 =702.893, P<0.001), region (χ2 =7.922, P<0.001), and ethnic (χ2 =450.077, P<0.001) group (P<0.001). Risk factors for the occurrence of myopia included the following: eye exercises less than once a day (OR=2.033, P=0.021), parents reducing students' exercise time due to homework (OR=1.375, P=0.009), parents not limiting students' time for study (OR=1.263, P=0.033), and not having a visual acuity examination within one year (OR=2.280, P=0.009). The factors that protect against the occurrence of myopia included the following: Rural student (OR=0.527, P<0.001) changing classroom seats twice a week (OR=0.556, P=0.005), outdoor activity time between classes (OR=0.604, P<0.001), students not participating in extracurricular cramming before school enrollment (OR=0.736, P=0.019), and parents who were not myopic (OR=0.480, P<0.001). Compared with the local Han nationality, the Buyi and Miao nationalities were less prone to develop myopia (OR=0.168, P<0.001; OR=1.142, P<0.001). Conclusions: Myopia is affected by environment, amount of time studying, heredity, nationality, grade, and time spent doing outdoor exercise. The prevalence of myopia among children and adolescents in Xingyi city of Guizhou province is relatively high. With the increase in years for school enrollment, the prevalence of myopia among students in urban areas is higher than that in rural areas.
杜燕1 白宁艳2 徐浩2 吕鹏2 姜振芳2. 贵州省兴义市农村和城市儿童青少年近视状况及相关因素分析[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2021, 23(3): 205-210.
Yan Du1,Ningyan Bai2,Hao Xu2,Peng Lu2,Zhenfang Jiang2. An Epidemiological Survey on Myopia and Related Factors among Rural and Urban Adolescents in Xingyi City of Guizhou Province. Chinese Journal of Optometry Ophthalmology and Visual science, 2021, 23(3): 205-210. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20200908-00358
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