Objective To observe the image and incidence of retinopathy in young children examined by RetCam Ⅱ digital retina camera and evaluate its effectiveness in diagnosis of retinopathy.To provide scientific proof for early intervention on children exemption from impairment of low vision or blindness.Methods It was a cross-sectional study.Four thousand five hundred and seventy-four children from September 2009 to December 2010 were examined by RetCam Ⅱ digitial retina camera after pupils dilated,and the images were saved for analysis.Cases were counted and expressed as percentage.Results RetCam Ⅱ digitial retina camera examination identified 667 patients with retinal abnormality from 4574 young children.The screening positive rate reached 14.58％.Among the 667 patients,412 cases were diagnosed of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP),151 cases of ocular fundus hemorrhage,7 cases of familial exudative vitreoretinopathy,6 cases of hypoplasia of retina,62 cases of exudative retinopathy,3 cases of cataract,8 cases of morning-glory syndrome,7 cases of retinoblastoma,3 cases of optic atrophy and 7 cases of macular disease,1 cases of fungal retinitis.Conclusion RetCam Ⅱ digitial retina camera could capture the objective images of retina with disease or after treatment,it is useful and effective in the early screening and intervention on children with retinopathy in clinic.ROP is the most common retinopathy in infants,who with short geststional age and low birth weight were more prone to develop ROP.