Objective To investigate the risk factors for refractive regression after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Methods This study was a 1:1 case-control study with 298 cases of refrac-tive regression and 298 controls who were matched by gender and date of surgery. Participants were selected from 7537 patients at Tongji hospital. Data for all cases included age, family history of myopia and ocular region examination results like SE and LAD were collected. Univariate analysis and multivariate conditional logistic regression were used to analyze the associations between the exposure factors and refractive regression with SPSS 13.0 software. Results Refractive regression was closely related to 4 factors: age (OR=1.062, P=0.004), spherical equivalent (OR=3.747, P=0.001), central corneal thickness (OR=0.475, P=0.002), and laser ablation diameter (OR=0.982, P=0.000). The first two factors are risk factors and the latter two are protective factors. The Logistic regression equation was as follows: P=1/1+Exp∑ (-7.582-0.060AGE-1.321SE+0.744LAD+0.018CCT). The sensitivity and specificity of the Logistic model were 79.54% and 76.78%, respectively. Conclusion In cases with older age, thinner preoperative corneal thickness and higher myopic diopter, refractive regression oc- curs easily after surgery. A large laser ablation diameter will help to improve predictability and reduce regression. The Logistic regression model based on these factors is reliable in predicting refractive re-gression after LASIK.