Abstract：Objective: To measure the macular microvasculature and thickness parameters using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in constant exotropia (XT) and intermittent exotropia (IXT). Methods: In this case-control study, a total of 72 participants (exotropia 44 eyes) who were treated at Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University from September 2020 to September 2021 were recruited, including 25 XT patients (50 eyes), 22 IXT patients (44 eyes)and 25 controls (50 eyes). OCTA examination was performed to evaluate the macular perfusion density of the superficial capillary plexus (SCP), deep capillary plexus (DCP), foveal avascular zone(FAZ) area, inner and outer retinal thickness in XT and IXT patients and age-matched controls. Data in the macular microvasculature and thickness parameters were compared by paired t-test between the two eyes. The analysis of variance of generalized linear model was used for the comparison between groups. Pearson correlation analysis was used for the correlation of the macular microvasculature with thickness parameters. Results: Compared with contralateral eyes, the study eyes in XT group showed significant decrease in the macular perfusion density of SCP in the whole (t=-2.10, P=0.047) and parafoveal superior regions (t=-2.28, P=0.032), and DCP in parafoveal superior and inferior region (t=-2.26, P=0.033; t=-2.43, P=0.023). There was no statistically significant difference between the two eyes in IXT group. Comparison between three groups, the study eyes showed significant difference in macular perfusion density of SCP in the whole and parafoveal superior regions as well as DCP in the whole and parafoveal superior, inferior, temporal regions (all P<0.05). The study eyes in XT group showed lower perfusion density of SCP in the whole and parafoveal superior regions as well as DCP in the whole and parafoveal superior, inferior, temporal regions than the control group (all P<0.05). In IXT group, the study eyes showed significant decrease of DCP perfusion density in the whole and parafoveal superior and inferior regions than that of the control group (all P<0.05). In XT group, the temporal region of inner retinal thickness in the study eyes showed significant thinner than in the contralateral eyes (t=-2.84, P=0.009). Inner retinal thickness in the fovea was negatively correlated with the angle of exodeviation at distance (r=-0.36, P=0.012) and at near (r=-0.37, P=0.010). Conclusions: In XT patients, OCTA revealed lower macular perfusion density and thinner inner retinal thickness in the temporal region. In IXT group, the study eyes showed significant decrease of DCP perfusion density than that of the control group.
翟晶,俞雪婷,方伟,等. 恒定性和间歇性外斜视黄斑区视网膜血流密度及厚度特征[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2022, 24(11): 854-861.
Jing Zhai, Xueting Yu, Wei Fang, et al. Clinical Characteristics of Macular Perfusion Density and Retinal Thickness in Constant and Intermittent Exotropia. Chinese Journal of Optometry Ophthalmology and Visual science, 2022, 24(11): 854-861. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115909-20220218-00063
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