目的 观察LASIK术后人群在低压缺氧环境中视功能变化情况,了解准分子激光角膜屈光手术眼在飞行特殊环境的适应性。方法 自身前后对照研究。20名(40眼)健康志愿者,平均年龄为(23.8±1.2)岁,准分子激光近视矫正术后1年。低压舱上升前测量眼压、近立体视、色觉、屈光度、对比敏感度(双眼明视、暗视眩光下空间频率3、6、12、18 c/d的对比敏感度值),低压舱以30 m/s速度上升至5 000 m高度,在此高度停留10 min后再次测量,此过程无供氧,测量后低压舱以10~15 m/s速度下降至地面。对相应数据采用配对t检验进行分析。结果 低压舱实验前后眼压未见明显变化[(右眼(13.0±1.7)mmHg vs. (13.0±2.1)mmHg,t=-0.56,P>0.05;左眼(13.0±2.0 mmHg vs. (13.0±2.0)mmHg,t=-0.81,P>0.05)];近立体视[(21.5±2.4)弧秒 vs. (27.6±8.3)弧秒,t=-3.39,P<0.05)及色觉(9.60±2.73 vs. 27.20±8.57,t=-2.81,P<0.05)]下降;等效球镜度[(右眼(-0.90±0.61)D vs. (-1.08±0.75)D,t=1.71,P>0.05,左眼(-1.21±0.61)D vs. (-1.06±0.54)D,t=-1.33,P>0.05)差异无统计学意义;对比敏感度(18 c/d暗视眩光环境对比敏感度降低P<0.05,其他情况均未见降低)。结论 低压缺氧环境对准分子激光术后远期人群的眼压、屈光度、对比敏感度(除高频暗视眩光)均无影响;近立体视、色觉及高频暗视眩光条件的对比敏感度下降。
Objective To test the effects of altitude hypoxia on visual function after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) and to evaluate flight adaptability after laser refractive surgery. Methods This was a self-control designed study. Forth eyes of 20 healthy males with a mean age of 23.8±1.2 years volunteered for this prospective study. All patients had bilateral LASIK surgery 1 year prior to the study. Interocular pressure, near stereopsis, color vision, refractive error, contrast sensitivity (CS) (photopic, scotopic+glare environments; 3, 6, 12, 18 c/d spatial frequencies) were measured before exposure to the hypobaric chamber. The atmosphere in the chamber ascended to an equivalent of a 5 000 m altitude at the rate of 30 m/s. Subjects were measured again after remaining there for 10 minutes without an oxygen supply. The chamber then returned to ground level at the rate of 10-15 m/s. Data were analyzed using a paired t test. Results There were no significant differences in intraocular pressure or spherical equivalent refractive error for either eye before and after the hypobaric experiment: right eyes: 13.0±1.7 mmHg vs. 13.0±2.1 mmHg, t=-0.56, P>0.05, -0.90±0.61 D vs. -1.08±0.75 D, t=1.71, P>0.05; left eyes: 13.0±2.0 mmHg vs. 13.0±2.0 mmHg, t=-0.81, P>0.05; -1.21±0.61 D vs. -1.06±0.54 D, t=-1.33, P>0.05). Near stereopsis (21.5±2.4 vs. 27.6±8.3, t=-3.39, P<0.05) and color vision (9.60±2.73 vs. 27.20±8.57, t=-2.81, P<0.05) were depressed. Contrast sensitivity was depressed only at 18 cycles/degree in the scotopic+glare environment. Conclusion Based on this study, we conclude that hypoxia has little effect on interocular pressure, refractive error or CS except at 18 c/d in the scotopic+glare environment after LASIK surgery. Near stereopsis, color vision and CS at 18 c/d in the scotopic+glare environment were reduced.
赵蓉,殷东辰,王恩普,张相冉,赵瑞华,王建昌. 低压缺氧对LASIK术后视功能的影响[J]. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2014, 16(11): 688-690.
Zhao Rong,Yin Dongchen,Wang Enpu,Zhang Xiangran,Zhao Ruihua,Wang Jianchang. Effects of low pressure hypoxia on visual function after laser in situ keratomileusis. Chinese Journal of Optometry Ophthalmology and Visual science, 2014, 16(11): 688-690. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2014.11.012
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