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| AStudy on the RetinalApoptosis in Chicks of Early Form Deprivation Myopia Model |
| Tianfu Wang1, Qiong Xu1, Li Zhu2, Yi Cai1, Kai Wang1, Yan Li1, Mingwei Zhao1 |
| 1Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
2Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Therapy of Retinal and Choroid Diseases, Beijing 100034, China |
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Abstract Objective: To observe the metabolic changes related to retinal cell apoptosis in chicks with form deprivation myopia. Methods: In this experimental study, forty eight 8-day-old white-horn chicks were randomly divided into control group and form deprivation group. The form deprivation group chicks were further divided into two groups treated with form deprivation of the right eye for 1 week and 3 weeks respectively. The control group were raised for 1 week or 3 weeks without form deprivation. All chicks' diopter, ocular axis were measured by retinoscopy andA-mode ultrasound before and after form deprivation. After form deprivation, the chicks were examined by electroretinogram and fundus photography, Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to detect the changes of fundus structure and function in chicks. Western blot was used to detect the expression of apoptosis related factors such as bax, bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-8 in chicks' retinas, and transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructural changes of retinal cells. Independent-sample t test was used to analyze data. Results:①The growth of the ocular axis of the chicks in the form deprivation group for 1 (t=3.53, P=0.002) or 3 weeks (t=18.21, P<0.001) was signifcantly greater than that of the corresponding control group, and the growth of the ocular axis of the chicks in the 3-week group was signifcantly deeper than that in the 1-week group (t=5.28, P<0.001); Compared with their respective control groups, the diopters of form deprived chicks for 1 (t=12.40, P<0.001) or 3 weeks (t=12.37, P<0.001) were significantly increased, and the diopters of form deprived chicks for 3 weeks were significantly greater than those of chicks deprived of form for 1 week (t=2.63, P=0.030). ② There was no signifcant difference in electroretinogram compared with the control group in chicks with form deprivation for 1 and 3 weeks (P>0.05), and no abnormality was found in fundus photography and HE stained sections. ③ After 1 and 3 weeks of form deprivation, the expression level of bcl-2 (t=2.77, P=0.040; t=4.58, P=0.044) in retina decreased compared with the control group, and the expression levels of bax (t=2.99, P=0.040; t=4.77, P=0.018), caspase-3 (t=3.44, P=0.026; t=3.25, P=0.023) and caspase-8 (t=5.82, P=0.028; t=5.38, P=0.013) increased compared with the control group. ④ No obvious cell damage was found in the retinal cells in the control group and after 1 week of form deprivation. After 3 weeks of form deprivation, uneven distribution of cytoplasm, chromatin pyknosis, severe swelling of mitochondria, disappearance of cristae, vacuolation, degranulation of endoplasmic reticulum and other phenomena were observed in the retina. Conclusions:The expression of apoptosis related factors bax, bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-8 changes in the early stage of form deprivation before pathological changes in the fundus of chicks. Transmission electron microscope indicates apoptosis in retinal tissue.
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Received: 05 August 2022
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| Fund:National Natural Science Youth Foundation of China (82000928); National Key R&D Program of China (2020YFC2008200); Intra-Hospital Development Fund of Peking University People's Hospital
(RDY2019-38) |
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Corresponding Authors:
Mingwei Zhao, Department of Ophthalmology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China (Email: drzhaomw@sohu.com)
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