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| Demography Characteristic and Treatment Outcomes of Primary Keratoconus in North China |
| Jing Zhang1, Xiaochuan Wang1, Lei Wan1, Shanshan Wan2, Lixin Xie1 |
| 1Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao 266071, China
2Eye Center of Wuhan University People's Hospital, Wuhan 430060, China |
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Abstract Objective: To analyze the demographic characteristics, treatment outcomes, and the clinical treatment options selections of primary keratoconus in North China. Methods:This was a series case study. The records oftheprimarykeratoconus caseinQingdao EyeHospitalaffiliatedtoShandongFirstMedical University from January 1993 to December 2016 were included, and the demographic characteristics of these patients were analyzed. According to the treatment principle of keratoconus in our hospital, patients were divided into three groups based on different steep curvature K values: less than 45 D, 45-55 D, and greater than 55 D. The selections of different treatment methods and treatment outcomes in each group wereanalyzed. TheK value and cornealthickness before and after treatmentwere compared by paired-samples t-test, Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test. Frequency analyses were performed using the Fisher's test or Pearson's test. Results: Case records of 1,143 patients (1 772 eyes) of primary keratoconus during the past 24 years were analyzed, with a sex ratio at 3.70:1. The average age of the frst diagnosis was 21.0±6.2 years, and the diagnosis of males was earlier (U=95 478, P<0.001). In the corneal steep K values <45 D group, 86.43% of the affected eyes received rigid gas permeable (RGP) lenses, while 3.01% received keratoplasty. In the corneal steep K values ranging from 45 D to 55 D group, 78.16% of theaffected eyes received RGPlenses, while 8.51% received keratoplasty. In the steep K values more than 55 D group, 80.37% of the affected eyes underwent keratoplasty. In the steep K values >55 D group, the rate of corneal transplantation after treatment with RGPlenses had a statistically signifcant difference from those in the steep K values <55 D group (χ2=14.73, P<0.001); and the percentage of eyes with an annual growth of more than 1 D after corneal cross-linking (CXL) also had a statistically signifcant difference (χ2= 6.91, P=0.033). In the steep K between 55 D to 60 D group, the best corrected visual acuity after receiving RGP lens, CXLand lamellar keratopiasty(LKP) had no statistically signifcant differences (H=2.80, P=0.246). Conclusions: Primary keratoconus in North China mostly affected the youth. And it happened earlier and more frequently in males. Steep K is the important indicator of treatment options for keratoconus.
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Received: 02 September 2022
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Corresponding Authors:
Lixin Xie, Eye Institute of Shandong First Medical University,Qingdao Eye Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, School of Ophthalmology, Shandong First Medical University, Qingdao 266071, China (Email: lixin_xie@hotmail.com)
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