Abstract: Objective: To study inter-ocular suppression in children with amblyopia under different environmental luminance, and to compare the adaptive mechanisms of amblyopic and normal children to environmental luminances. Methods: In this prospective cohort study from January 2020 to November 2020 in the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, inter-ocular suppression was measured quantitatively with polarized and neutral density filter lenses under different environmental luminances in amblyopic children with anisometropia as the amblyopia group and normal group. The relationship between inter-ocular suppression and environmental luminance (15 lx, 220 lx, 2 000 lx) was analyzed in children with amblyopia and the adaptive mechanisms to environmental luminance were compared between the two groups. A total of 27 amblyopic patients and 10 normal controls were included in the study. The data were analyzed by repeated measurements ANOVA, independent samples t-test and Spearman rank correlation analysis. Results: When comparing 15 lx with 2 000 lx, inter-ocular suppression was more obvious in the amblyopia group at 2 000 lx (near, q=5.76, P<0.001; far, q=4.85, P=0.0027), compared to the control group (near, q=6.93, P<0.001; far, q=8.31, P<0.001) and the differences were statistically significant. The mean differences in inter-ocular suppression between the amblyopia group and normal group were compared under different environmental luminance, and the differences were even greater at 2 000 lx (near, P=0.0114, 0.0014, 0.0018; far, all P<0.001). Inter-ocular suppression at 15 lx was significantly correlated with that at 220 lx (near, r=0.9318, P<0.001; far, r=0.9172, P<0.001) and 2 000 lx (near, r=0.8699, P<0.001; far, r=0.7445, P<0.001). Conclusions: The influence of different environmental luminances on inter-ocular suppression is regulated by environmental luminance; the brighter the environmental luminance is, the deeper the suppression. Compared with normal children, amblyopic children have worse compensation for a bright environment, and amblyopic children are more affected by environmental luminance.
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