Objective To examine the prevalence of refractive errors among preschool children and schoolchildren in Guanxian county， Shandong province. Methods Using a random cluster sampling in a cross-sectional school-based study design， children ranging in age from 4 to 18 years were selected from kindergartens， primary schools， and junior and senior high schools in Guanxian county. All children underwent a complete ocular examination including measurement of uncorrected （UCVA） and best corrected visual acuity （BCVA）， auto-refractometry under cycloplegia and ophthalmic examination. The prevalence rates of refractive error and its association with age and gender were analyzed by a bivariate regression model. Results Of 3 112 eligible children， cycloplegic refraction was completed on 3 111 and the visual acuity of 3 094 was successfully tested. The overall prevalence of myopia was 31.3%（95%CI： 29.7%-33.0%）. Myopia was associated with older children [OR： 1.45（95%CI： 1.41-1.50）； P<0.01]， female gender [OR： 1.45（95%CI： 1.41-1.50）； P<0.01] and children in urban areas [OR： 2.54（95%CI： 2.11-3.07）； P<0.01]. The prevalence of high myopia， astigmatism and anisometropia was 1.4%（95%CI： 1.0%-1.8%）， 32.4%（95%CI： 30.8%-34.0%） and 6.2%（95%CI： 5.4%-7.1%）， respectively. All prevalences were associated with older children （P<0.01） but not gender （P＞0.05）. The prevalence of astigmatism and anisometropia was also associated with children in urban areas （P<0.01）. The overall prevalence of hyperopia was 8.2%（95%CI： 7.2%-9.2%）， and the trend decreased with age [OR： 0.72（95%CI： 0.68-0.76）； P<0.01]. UCVA was 20/40 or worse in the better eye in 675（21.8%） children， and 20/200 or worse in the better eye in 85（2.7%） children. UCVA≤20/40 in one or both eyes was found in 880（28.4%） children， with undercorrected refractive error as the cause in 837（95.1%） children. Conclusion Visual impairment in students 4-18 years of age in Guanxian county was mainly attributed to refractive errors， especially myopia. The prevalence of refractive errors increased with age.
吴建峰,毕宏生,胡媛媛,等. 山东省冠县4~18岁学生屈光不正横断面研究. 中华眼视光学与视觉科学杂志, 2014, 16(3):137-142. DOI:10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2014.03.003.
Wu Jianfeng,Bi Hongsheng,Hu Yuanyuan,et al. A cross-sectional survey on refractive errors in students 4-18 years old in Guanxian county， Shandong province. Chinese Journal of Optometry Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 2014, 16(3):137-142.
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