Objective To evaluate structure of corneal endothelium of different kind of cataract,so to guide reasonable individual surgery scheme. Methods Prospective case series study.One thousand nine hundred and ten patients with cataract divided into 3 groups, group A (age-related cataract), group B(cataract accompany with glaucoma), group C (cataract accompany with non-insulin dependent diabetes). Group A were divided into 3 groups by age: group 1, 40-59 years old, group 2, 60-79 years old, and group 3 were 80 years old or oder. All patients were under endothelium cell density (CD), AVE, HEXA before surgery. The results were analyzed with One-Way ANOVA. Results Compared with group A, there were lower CD and higher AVE in group B (P＜0.05), HEXA was lower but without any significance. In group C there were lower CD, higher AVE,lower HEXA, but without any significance compare to group A. In group A, advanced aged patients have lower CD, higher AVE, lower HEXA (P＜0.05 for all). Conclusion Glaucoma would make CD decreased, AVE enlarged; diabete has little effect on the structure of corneal endothelium. With age advancing, CD decreasing, AVE enlarging, ratio of HEXA decreasing in age-related cataract.