Abstract： Second harmonic generation (SHG) imaging is based on an onlinear optical effect. It has been widely studied in the medical field due to its advantages in wide spatial resolution, no need for staining, small photobleaching, and no phototoxicity. The ocular structures, including the corneal stroma, the trabecular meshwork, the sclera and microtubules in the ganglion cell axons are mainly highly non-centrosymmetric structures, which can be visually evaluated by SHG imaging technology. SHG imaging has been used in the diagnosis and treatment of eye diseases such as corneal dilatation, keratoconus, corneal infection and glaucoma. This paper briefly describes the principle, imaging characteristics and applications of SHG in ophthalmology.
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