Objective: To observe the morphological changes in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy by using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and to discuss the advantages of OCTA in diagnosing CNV and judging prognoses. Methods: Seventeen patients (seventeen eyes) diagnosed with CNV in Qingdao Eye Hospital from July 2017 to April 2018 were included in this retrospective case series study. All patients were tested for best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), and regularly examined with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and OCTA. All affected eyes were treated with 0.05 ml of intravitreal anti-VEGF agents (Ranibizumab or Conbercept), and all patients were followed up monthly. The changes in BCVA and central macular thickness (CMT) were noted on OCT images and compared with a paired t test. The changes in CNV were observed before and after therapy by using OCTA. Results: The BCVA of (LogMAR) all patients was 0.69±0.35 before treatment, and this indicator was raised to 0.49±0.38 after treatment; the difference was statistically significant (t=3.541, P=0.003). The CMT of all patients decreased from 363±66 μm before treatment to 302±66 μm after treatment, and thedifference was statistically significant (t=4.227, P=0.001). OCTA showed that the density of CNV decreased by different degrees in all patients after treatment. CNV almost disappeared in some patients, meanwhile, neuroepithelial detachment and edema decreased or completely disappeared. Although OCTA showed the thickened and abnormal vessels in some patients, neuroepithelial detachment and edema disappeared completely on OCTA. While neuroepithelial edema vanished completely, marginal vessel anastomosis could still be seen in one patient, and CNV recurred after 3 months in that patient. Conclusions: OCTA clearly demonstrates the morphological changes in CNV after anti-VEGF therapy, and it can be a reliable tool for the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of CNV.