Epidermal growth factor is a single-chain polypeptide, which consists of amino acid residues. It is widely found in various tissues and cells of the human body. It can stimulate the mitosis, proliferation, or differentiation of various tissues and cell types in vivo or vitro culture. This paper provides an overview of the recent advancements in epidermal growth factor in eye diseases of the cornea, lens, glaucoma and retina.